Speech Therapy
By. Haitham Al Fiqi
All rights reserved@ Haitham Al Fiqi
Speech Therapy
Aphasia’s Speech And Language Problems Targeted For Speech Therapy
Conditions For Speech Therapy: Autism
Conditions For Speech Therapy: Laryngectomy
Delineating Speech And Language Therapy
Early Learning To Listen Sounds And Speech Therapy
Importance Of Play In Speech Therapy
Play Levels Of Social Interaction In Speech And Language Therapy
Roles Of Speech Therapist In Laryngectomy Management
Speech And Language Problems Presented By Crouzon Syndrome
Speech Therapy: An Overview On Fluency Disorders
Speech Therapy: An Overview
Speech Therapy: PROLAM-GM Approach
Speech Therapy Activities For Aphasia
Speech Therapy Assessment Tips For Fluency Disorders
Speech Therapy Diagnosis: Autism
Speech Therapy Fluency Shaping: A Different Approach
Speech Therapy For Intermediate Stuttering
Speech Therapy for the Hearing Impaired
Speech Therapy Management For Fluency Disorders
Speech Therapy Of Hearing Impaired Children at the Verbal Level
Speech Therapy Voice Training For The Laryngectomee
Teaching Hearing Impaired Children at the Nonverbal Level
The Role of Speech Therapy In Traumatic Brain Injury
Therapy Procedures for Speech Disorders
Toys As Materials For Speech Therapy
Aphasia’s Speech And Language Problems Targeted For Speech Therapy
Aphasia can bring about a lot of speech and language problems that are to be treated for speech therapy. The kind of speech and language problems brought by Aphasia would highly depend on the kind of Aphasia that you may have.
Broca’s Aphasia
Broca's Aphasia is also known as motor aphasia. You can obtain this, if you damage your brain’s frontal lobe, particularly at the frontal part of the lobe at your language-dominant side.
If Broca’s Aphasia is your case, then you may have complete mutism or inability to speak. In some cases you may be able to utter single-word statements or a full sentence, but constructing such would entail you great effort.
You may also omit small words, like conjunctions (but, and, or) and articles (a, an, the). Due to these omissions, you may produce a "telegraph" quality of speech. Usually, your hearing comprehension is not affected, so you are able to comprehend conversation, other’s speech and follow commands.
Difficulty in writing is also evident, since you may experience weakness on your body’s right side. You also get an impaired reading ability along with difficulty in finding the right words when speaking. People with this type of aphasia may be depressed and frustrated, because of their awareness of their difficulties.
Wernicke’s Aphasia
When your brain’s language-dominant area’s temporal lobe is damaged, you get Wernicke's aphasia. If you have this kind of aphasia, you may speak in uninterrupted, long, sentences; the catch is, the words you use are usually unnecessary or at times made-up.
You can also have difficulty understanding other’s speech, to the extent of having the inability to comprehend spoken language in any way. You also have a diminished reading ability. Your writing ability may be retained, but what you write may seem to be abnormal.
In contrast with Broca’s Aphasia, Wernicke’s Aphasia doesn’t manifest physical symptoms like right-sided weakness. Also, with this kind of Aphasia, you are not aware of your language errors.
Global Aphasia
This kind of aphasia is obtained when you have widespread damage on language areas of your brain’s left hemisphere. Consequently, all your fundamental language functions are affected. However, some areas can be severely affected than other areas of your brain.
It may be the case that you have difficulty speaking but you are able to write well. You may also experience weakness and numbness on the right side of your body.
Conduction Aphasia
This kind is also known as Associative Aphasia. It is a somewhat uncommon kind, in which you have the inability to repeat sentences, phrases and words. Your speech fluency is reasonably unbroken. There are times that you may correct yourself and skip or repeat some words.
Even though you are capable of understanding spoken language, you can still have difficulty finding the right words to use to describe an object or a person. This condition’s effect on your reading and writing skills can also vary. Just like other types of aphasia, you can have sensory loss or right-sided weakness.
Nominal Or Anomic Aphasia
This kind of aphasia would primarily influence your ability to obtain the right name for an object or person. Consequently, rather than naming an object, you may resort to describing it. Your reading skills, writing ability, hearing comprehension, and repetition are not damaged, except by this inability to get the right name.
Your may have fluent speech, except for the moments that you pause to recall the correct name. Physical symptoms like sensory loss and one-sided body weakness, may or may not be present.
Transcortical Aphasia
This kind is caused by the damage of language areas on your left hemisphere just outside your primary language areas. There are three types of this aphasia: transcortical sensory, transcortical motor, and mixed transcortical. All of these types are differentiated from others by your ability to repeat phrases, words, or sentences.
Conditions For Speech Therapy: Autism
Autism is one condition that requires speech therapy treatment. However, autism is often misunderstood and thought of to be something that can be left untreated. However, that should not be how things work. Autism presents a lot of problems, but the intensity of these problems could be decreased if given the correct treatment.
In Relation To Autism: Vocabulary
A lot of terms are commonly heard in relation to autism, such as: classic autism, infantile autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD), Atypical PDD, Autistic like, PDD-NOS, Asperger’s Syndrome and high functioning Autistic.
What Is It Exactly?
Basically, Autism is a neurological disorder. It is classified to be a Pervasive Developmental Disorder. The main characteristic of Autism is that it affects three major areas in relation to speech and language. This triad is the impairment of the child’s: social interaction, communication and imaginative play.
Pervasive Developmental Disorder is actually an umbrella term for Autistic Spectrum Disorders. With the use of the term ‘pervasive’, it is emphasized that the disability’s range of deficits is beyond psychological development. On the other hand, the term ‘developmental’ puts emphasis that the occurrence of the condition is during the child’s development rather than later in life.
Autism is actually only one condition under this umbrella. Other conditions include Rett’s Disorder, which is a neurodevelopmental disorder that begins to show its symptoms during early childhood or infancy.
Another is Childhood Disintegrative Disorder; it somewhat resembles Autism but the difference is the first two to four years of the child’s life is rather normal, then the symptoms start to show.
Asperger’s syndrome is also in this umbrella. It is sometimes called high functioning autism. Lastly, PDD-NOS or Pervasive Developmental Disordere—Not Otherwise Specified is also related to Autism. These are children that present symptoms similar to but don’t quite match the other conditions.
What Causes Autism?
Even though a lot of research has been done, there is no identified single factor that causes Autism. Several factors are said to play a part in the occurrence of Autism. One of these is brain disorder. Recent studies show that there is a difference in the brains of people with Autism. Their cerebellum seems to be smaller than normal, and their limbic system is impaired.
Chemical imbalances are also said to play a part here. It was found that in some cases, symptoms came from food allergies, chemical deficiencies, hormonal imbalances or elevated brain chemical levels.
Heredity is also an important factor. A lot of genetic disorders have Autism as a symptom. An example would be the fragile-X syndrome. Other factors include pre-, peri-, post-natal trauma, brain damage complications and MMR immunization.
Whatever the cause may be, the child with Autism should be given the same structured training in able to stimulate his learning, language and social skills.
Diagnosis
For a child to be diagnosed of having Autism, he should first qualify for the Diagnostic Criteria for Autistic Disorders according to the DSM-IV.
Treatment: Therapy And Others
Due to the triad of Autism effects on the child, speech therapy becomes a vital part of Autism management. However, other members of the team are also needed such as pediatrician, pediatric neurologist, child psychiatrist, psychologist, occupational therapist, behavior therapist, and educators like schoolteachers or Special Education teachers.
Role Of Speech Therapist In Autism Rehabilitation
The Speech Therapist assesses hearing. He also evaluates whether the speech and language difficulties of the child is really due to Autism or another disorder. This can be taken from analyzing the child’s expressive language, receptive language, oral-motor functions, voice quality, articulation and fluency, auditory processing and pragmatic skills.
Conditions For Speech Therapy: Laryngectomy
A speech therapist has a vital role in the pre- and post op management of laryngeal cancer, because Laryngectomy patients have to undergo speech management. So here are some of the things to know about laryngectomy.
A Team Approach
Firs off, the
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Verlag: BookRix GmbH & Co. KG
Tag der Veröffentlichung: 31.10.2023
ISBN: 978-3-7554-5939-2
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Aphasia can bring about a lot of speech and language problems that are to be treated for speech therapy. The kind of speech and language problems brought by Aphasia would highly depend on the kind of Aphasia that you may have. Broca’s Aphasia Broca's Aphasia is also known as motor aphasia. You can obtain this, if you damage your brain’s frontal lobe, particularly at the frontal part of the lobe at your language-dominant side. If Broca’s Aphasia is your case, then you may have complete mutism or inability to speak.